Case Analysis Molex Inc. Designs, Manufactures, And...

Introduction Molex Inc. designs, manufactures, and distributes electronic connectors that are used by a variety of industries. Despite being a successful company, Molex experienced some downfall in 2002 and 2003. Demand for their products sunk and their financial performance declined. This occurred around the same time as the accounting scandal with Enron happened. Then, in 2004, Molex ended up having an inventory error that was caught by Diane Bullock, CFO and brought to attention to Joe King, CEO. The following case analyzes the inventory error, the external auditors’ opinion, and what the board should do about the problem. The Need for External Auditors Most importantly, because Molex is a publicly traded company on NASDAQ, it is a requirement that they have an external audit done. If the company did not produce audited financial statements the company would not meet exchange listing requirements and there would be a chance of NASDAQ pulling their stock off the market. The issue of independence is another reason why companies choose to have an external audit done. Independence refers to when different employees perform different tasks within a specific department. We will use the accounts receivable section of the accounting department as an example. For independence to occur, a company would want to have separate employees collecting cheques and/or cash, preparing the deposit, and actually depositing the cheques and/or cash. For some companies, usually smaller ones,Show MoreRelatedApple Inc.: Managing a Global Supply Chain11078 Words   |  45 PagesrP os t W14161 APPLE INC.: MANAGING A GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN 1 Ken Mark wrote this case under the supervision of Professor P. Fraser Johnson solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. op yo This publication may not be transmitted, photocopied, digitized or otherwiseRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

The Vows Of Poverty, Chastity, And Obedience - 1071 Words

But how do the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience allow me to fulfill God’s will, increase my holiness, and spread love among those whom I shall encounter? I must face the fact that I am not Christ, I am a sinner. And, for each of these vows, I have failed to exemplify in my life. With regards to poverty, I have tried to seek solace by chasing a never-ending cycle of hoping that material things will help me feel more complete. I too, have failed living a chaste life when I struggled with pornography. And, my pride blocked me from recognizing the need to obey those superior to me, because of course in my mind, I was right. I sinned in all these ways, and I’m sure our good Lord knows even more of my faults, but Christ will never leave those who seek holiness without his help. Fortunately, Jesus has helped me tremendously transform my life into embracing the three vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. My encounter with the Jesuits, as well as my lengthy discernment made me first purely desire, the desire to please Jesus. As I grew in my faith, my awareness of my sinful nature became more clear. But, I didn’t know how to mend my life. I turned to patience, and persistent prayer. I asked the Lord to help me, show me how to love him more, and to let me see clearly his healing. Jesus, began healing me, and continues to heal me. Of course, I will need continuous healing until I enter Heaven, but fruitful progress has been made through the Holy Spirit. First, my desire toShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of Religion on Mother Teresa Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pagesand so she followed this will from God. To become a nun, and the lady known as Mother Teresa, Agnes had to take the last vows of obedience, chastity and poverty to follow the ways which Jesus was, and in the end the influence which had on Agness, or Mother Teresas life. To become a nun, a woman must obey Gods will, no matter what has been asked. Mother Teresa took this vow seriously, she obeyed Gods will in every little thing she did, and was a major influence on her life. In obeying GodsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Prologue Of The Canterbury Tales 1194 Words   |  5 PagesBhakta, Karan English IV, Sixth Hour Mr. Adcock 8 December 2015 The Religious Vows In The Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer has some religious characters who break the vows they pledge for, to get a place in the Church. Many characters in the story seem to have an awkward characteristic that the writer did not notice. Why do the religious characters break the vow? How do they break it? For example, the monk was a primary part of the church, but as you keep readingRead MoreThe Rule Of The Franciscan Order1048 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rule of the Franciscan Order Francis of Assisi is an icon of poverty and reform in the Catholic Church, because his lifestyle encouraged the Church and especially the hierarchy of his time to change almost entirely. He can be perceived as a prophet of his time who revolutionized from his very being a drastic change, because with his life as an example he went from words to actions. Francis was born into a wealthy family in Assisi; he had everything a boy of his time could ask for. Francis experiencedRead MoreAugustine And Two Fathers Of The Greek Church1702 Words   |  7 Pagesreligious vows that were blatantly ignored by the clergy in the past, and do so now with more secrecy. 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The Jesuits played a large role in counter-reformation, specifically Protestantism. The Catholic Church used the Jesuits to reclaim many of the souls lost to the heresies that abounded during that age. The Jesuits continueRead MoreReligious Characters in The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer Essay examples598 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Nun, the Monk, and the Friar. Yet, Chaucer does show one character, the Parson, as goodness and holiness in the church. Nuns are member of a religious order for women, living in a convent under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. Their orders vary in the stipulations of the vows, some being permanent, and others only for fixed periods of time. The orders vary in dress, purpose, and rule, but generally follow the same basic principles. The nuns are devoted to a purely meditativeRead MoreSignificance Of The Second Nun Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pagesa very devout and highly moral life. Medieval nuns and priests must be fully dedicated to god and christian faith. The daily life of a medieval nun was formulated around three main vows established by St Benedict in 480-550 AD, The vow of Poverty, The vow of Chastity and the Vow of obedience. As dictated by these vows nuns and priests must live very modestly and renounce everything they own for use of the common good, remain chaste for their entire lives and must be obedient to god as well as theirRead MoreThe Importance of the Clergy during the Middle Ages1039 Words   |  4 Pagesless educated than the bishops and were not as high in rank in the clergy as the bishops. They listened to confession and gave advice to somebody on how to lead another’s life. The monks in the Middle Ages have to take vows of Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience these they had to vow to their bishops and popes. Monks could often read and write in Latin but that was not always a good thing to them. The reason was you could make a mistake and if you make a mistake then you got punished and usually the

Critique of a Human Service Organisation free essay sample

Written Task 2: SOAD 9106. By Andrew Melgaard-Lerche, Student #2078018 1 Critical Analysis of a Human Service Organisation IF ever a segment of society was in need of a „break? , it? s that motley crew of social outcasts who are, or have been, on the wrong side of the law. Who else, I ask you, is so universally despised that politicians – always on the lookout for unpopular, easy targets want to â€Å"rack „em, pack „em and stack „em in jail†? 1 The „man in the street? would dispute a criminal? being due some positive karma. A not atypical view from suburbia might be articulated thus: â€Å"but s/he transgressed! S/he deserves all the blame/punishment/trauma/discrimination/indignation s/he gets! † Fortunately, we? re all Social Workers, and that means we put such judgements aside, right? No-one is beneath our altruism – our only criterion is need – and there are few needier people than those at the mercy (either incarc erated, on bail or out on parole) of our justice system. We will write a custom essay sample on Critique of a Human Service Organisation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page writing service business Thank Heavens, we believers in Social Justice might say, that here in SA we have Good Samaritans like the folks at OARS Community Transitions. In researching OARS, I initially relied on its website, some promotional literature and an interview with its Social Inclusion and Enterprise Manager, Dot Stagg. From the phalanx of pamphlets Ms Stagg sent me, I discovered that Offenders Aid Rehabilitation Services (OARS) is a voluntary community association that – in various incarnations has been helping offenders and their families in South Australia since 1886. From a promotional spiel on the OARS website, I learned the organisation began life as the Prisoners Aid Association, â€Å"grew and evolved in response to the changing needs of clients and the changing face of justice administration†, adopted the well-known moniker of OARS SA in 1977 before finally re-inventing itself as OARS Community Transitions just last year. 2 The OARS website and promotional material went on to describe this Human Service Organisation (HSO) as a secular, community-based, non-profit Non-Government Organisation (NGO) employing 55 staff and with about 90 active volunteers. Its service users (referred to as clients) include people released from prison, their partners and children. Services include counselling for drug and alcohol abuse, gambling, financial planning and general counselling. 3 OARS employs a Youth Worker and provides unspecified â€Å"prison services† and â€Å"emergency assistance†, vague terms contained in OARS literature about which I couldn? t gain further clarity. 4 OARS Community Transitions also runs a number of supported accommodation (half-way) houses across Adelaide and at Murray Bridge, Port Augusta, Port Lincoln, Berri and Mt Gambier. When I asked Ms Stagg if former prison officers still play a security/keep-the-peace role at these houses (as they have in the past) she answered rather emphatically in the negative. â€Å"We aren? t a continuation of prison,† she said. â€Å"All our residential clients answer to case workers, not former prison officers†. Asked whether OARS has a specialised client bod y, Ms Stagg said the organisation caters to all races, creeds and colours. However, it? fair to say OARS does cater to a specific, economically-depressed demographic: the homeless, low income earners, educationally-disadvantaged people, usually white males but with an overrepresentation among Aboriginal Australians. Anyone in or at risk of entering the justice system is OARS? base constituency, a sector which also includes the mentallyill. There is a waiting list for residential places and some other services, although in some cases people receive assistance â€Å"off the street†. According to Ms Stagg, â€Å"no- Written Task 2: SOAD 9106. By Andrew Melgaard-Lerche, Student #2078018 2 ne† is turned away by OARS, which she says receives a mix of self-referrals, names from other agencies and clients from SA Corrective Services. Most of OARS? funding these days comes from the Commonwealth Government (a quandary I? ll return to later) and its accountability mechanisms (int ernal audits, thrice-yearly accredited quality management and an official complaints procedure involving the CEO, Leigh Garrett) appear to be fairly standard. 6 OARS is multi-disciplinary, employing anyone from psychologists to Social Workers to security personnel, and all – according to Ms Stagg are professionally qualified. On paper, OARS seems to provide a healthy mix of rehabilitation and intervention, all packaged under the enticing banner of it? s ubiquitous mantra: Restorative Justice. If any of the above information sounds – to put it mildly like self-serving spin, that? s because it is. Ms Stagg? s contribution to this essay turned out to be a combination of public relations hype, omission and – most disappointingly outright deceit. The first hint I gained that all was not as it seemed was when I received shrill and evasive answers to „sensitive? questions about OARS? corporate structure, funding and staffing. Having encountered an Omerta-like silence on such questions from other senior staff, it seemed I couldn? t provide much of the structural information sought for this assignment. Ms Stagg was often coy, even on seemingly-innocuous questions surrounding OARS? vision, mission and values, its relations with other agencies and the public, or the nature of its â€Å"interventions† and who carries them out. Extracting the OARS corporate structure or operating budget was like extracting teeth. I was told in no uncertain terms that such queries should be directed to the CEO, but that â€Å"he probably won? t provide such details†. Curious about such reticense, I took a different approach to this assignment, digging deeper where I could and putting more of the critical in â€Å"critical analysis† It didn? t take long to uncover a virtual morass of dishonesty, inefficiency and inappropriate practices, certainly on the residential side of this operation. The lessthan-frank Ms Stagg had her poker face on when she spoke with me, but clients I interviewed* left me with the definite impression that corner-cutting practices abhorrent to most Social Workers were rife at OARS. More shockingly still, the unspoken rationale for this seemed to be the notion that â€Å"they? e only crims†. So frequent were consumer references to this „us-and-them? attitude that I came away feeling it was rooted in the organisation? s culture. According to clients, the â€Å"help† this HSO provides its residents is minimal, grudging and hardly consistent with the organisation? s vague commitment to â€Å"Restorat ive Justice†. Far from â€Å"evolving in response to the changing needs of clients and the changing face of justice administration†, consumers I interviewed spoke of archaic procedures and resistance to change from staff marooned for too long on what is an isolated, specialist „island? of an NGO. I was unable to confirm precise staffing numbers, but – for reasons I? ll explain later – I find it hard to believe OARS still employs 55 staff, a figure found on the organisation? s website and last updated in 2008. According to existing clients, prospective residents are turned away by OARS, often on the basis of favouritism and not need. The â€Å"prison services† OARS supposedly provides were a spurious claim – I? ll explain why below – as were the â€Å"emergency assistance† for their residential clients. â€Å"The only time they get off their * For obvious reasons, the clients I spoke with preferred to remain anonymous. Written Task 2: SOAD 9106. By Andrew Melgaard-Lerche, Student #2078018 3 arses and come see us is when someone has run amok or hasn? t paid his rent†, one client told me. â€Å"The [OARS houses] are run down, there? s little maintenance, and the only time we see [a staff member] is when something? s badly wrong†. I witnessed such chronic laziness and apathy first hand during a low-key visit to one OARS property at Christies Beach. The house was in a disgraceful state and the staff member in attendance merely turned up in his company car, walked to the walled-off staff area of the house and sat there, doing little in the way of work and never venturing „out back? o mix with the unwashed masses. At the conclusion of his 4hour „work? day, this staff member simply returned to his car, drove off and left the residents to their devices. As your colleague Andrew Paterson (a former Superintendent at Mobilong Prison) will attest, such a „work ethic? is consistent with that of prison offic ers, who spend their days huddled together in groups, doing as little as possible and only springing to their feet when there? s a disturbance. Such similarities aren? t coincidental: OARS residential staff don? t just mimic prison officers; they are former prison officers (or â€Å"screws†, as inmates call them). Ms Stagg, who insisted that no former prison officers worked at these half-way houses, told me a bald-faced lie. The pattern of former â€Å"screws being screws† goes beyond bone laziness. According to residents, these middle aged-to-elderly men have simply carried on where they left off in prison, handling virtually all of OARS? „interventions? through the use of, shall we say, „physical means? familiar to them from their days at Yatala or Mobilong. Such „means? , even when used on former inmates, would be abhorrent to virtually any other HSO. Far from providing â€Å"Restorative Justice†, it turns out that OARS perpetuates the prison power dynamic for its residential clients, affording them little respite from the daily routine of incarceration, providing nothing in the way of proactive support (these are clients? words) and then, one assumes, expecting them to rehabilitate spontaneously. Study after study has concluded, to quote Borzycki and Baldry, that â€Å"without sufficient resources and social support upon release, the cycle of release and re-arrest is difficult to break†. 7 OARS? â€Å"Restorative Justice† goal presumably involves helping to break this cycle. If my first-hand experience is any guide, it has failed in this goal utterly. As mentioned, the festering morass that is OARS was in part due to its isolation as a „specialist? organisation, immunized to a point against competition and meaningful scrutiny. The „outcast? status of its clientele with many members of the public and populist politicians left these clients unloved and under-resourced. Moreover, until recently, they were at the mercy of OARS? near-monopoly over services to offenders. Such monopolies are never a healthy situation: fiefdoms are the order of the day, power imabalances are the norm and services tend towards atrophy. Clients thus faced a „perfect storm? of monopolistic bureaucracy and pariah status, leaving them unwilling or unable to speak out. They were reduced to approaching OARS – the „only game in town? – on bended knee. Allowing for some bitterness and jaundice from the clients I interviewed, what I saw was enough to suggest that the efficacy of this organisation is minimal – assuming that rehabilitation (articulated within the framework of â€Å"Restorative Justice†) is in fact their goal. South Australian taxpayers weren? t getting value for their money, and Written Task 2: SOAD 9106. By Andrew Melgaard-Lerche, Student #2078018 fortunately for them, it seems someone at the Department of Correctional Services finally noticed. OARS festered along under its near-monopoly until 2009, when the Department shocked its long-time contractor by tendering out funding for its in-prison services. What ensued was a competitive process in which OARS had no experie nce or hope of success. OARS lost some $500,000 worth of in-prison funding in August 2010, mainly to Centacare, leaving the HSO in the unenviable position of having little or no in-prison presence to seamlessly transfer released prisoners to their accommodations. Clearly, whoever has responsibility for in-prison services should logically handle outside accommodations. With Housing SA in the process of putting the latter out to tender, the „writing is on the wall? for OARS, which seems to have entered a tailspin of lost funding and structural shrinkage. Its former presence at two Adelaide office locations has been reduced to just one rather dingy Morphett Street address, and its website is – to be charitable – in a „state of flux? and partially „under construction?. Responding to these challenges, the organisation re-launched as OARS Community Transitions last August. Clearly, the organisation is trying to reinvent itself, largely as a landlord (however briefly) for ex-prisoners and as a provider of the many, Commonwealth-funded counselling services it must see as its future. By definition, such services overlap with those provided by other agencies, so OARS seems destined to squabble for what it would formerly have seen as funding „scraps?. As Ming the Merciless might say, they must be â€Å"satisfied with less†. 8 In case my tone hasn? t betrayed my attitude, I can? t say I? m horribly upset at OARS? tribulations. If an organisation? worth is rooted in its efficacy, then the loss of $500,000 in funding – with more cuts likely – looks to me like competitive tenderingas-justice. It was near-impossible to glean meaningful information from upper management at OARS, and it was difficult to ascertain how effective OARS? efforts are in areas like counselling for drug and alcohol abuse, gambling and financial planning. I had l imited time, a reluctant subject and few investigative skills, so I couldn? t delve deeper and perhaps confirm that dysfunction afflicts all of OARS? operations. However, if the neglect, the „us-and-them? entality and the alleged brutality of its „interventions? is any guide, the objective measure of OARS? efficacy – that of a meaningful contribution to rehabilitation – provides a damning indictment. OARS should be seen as a cautionary tale. Its leaching of South Australian taxpayers for little return over decades of futility leaves one wondering how many other NGO? s – to one degree or another – aren? t living up to their literature. Centacare is a larger, less-isolated and more competitively focused organisation, and will be less prone to the atrophy of OARS, the organisation it replaced. That said, the pariah status of clients, the „don? care? stance of politicians and the potential for offender services to become a „fiefdom? wi thin the walls of its new contractors all warrant ongoing concern. As George Santayana put it, â€Å"those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it†. 9 *** Written Task 2: SOAD 9106. By Andrew Melgaard-Lerche, Student #2078018 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 Foley, K. , Treasurer of South Australia,quoted in Wheatley, K. , „Packing our prisons just doesnt stack up? , The Advertiser, Adelaide, 8 May 2008; 2 OARS Community Transitions, promotional pamphlet, Adelaide, August 2010; 3 ibid; 4 taken from interview notes with D. Stagg, Social Inclusion and Enterprise Manager, OARS Community Transitions, 20 April, 2011; 5 OARS Community Transitions, promotional pamphlet, op cit; 6 taken from interview notes, op cit; 7 Borzycki, M. and Baldry, E. , ‘Promoting Integration: The Provision of Prisoner Postrelease Services? , Trends Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice (262) Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra, September 2003; 8 Von Sydow, M. (as Ming the Merciless) quoted in Flash Gordon, Universal Studios, USA, 1980; 9 Santayana, G. , Volume 1, The Life of Reason, Dover Publications, New York, 1905.

The beginning of mathematics Example For Students

The beginning of mathematics Since the beginning of mathematics mathematicians have been reevaluating ( to more and more decimal places. It has gone from a whole number to 134,217,700 digits after the decimal. ( is the ratio of circumference of a circle to its diameter. In the ancient orient ( was frequently taken as 3. Later the Egyptians gave ( a vale of (4/3)4=3. 1604. But the first scientific attempt to compute ( seemed to be that of Archimedes in 240BC. He used polygons to set bounds for (, which he found o be between 223/71 and 22/7, or to two decimal places (=3. 14. His method was known as the classical method. In 150 AD the first notable value of (, after that of Archimedes, was given by Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria in his famous Syntaxis mathematica he calculated ( to be 3. 1416. A Chinese mechanics worker in 480 gave the rational approximation 355/113 = 3. 1415929 , which was correct to six places. Al-Kashi in 1429 used the classical method to calculate ( to sixteen decimal places. was calculated o thirty-five decimal places by Ludolph van Ceulen of the Netherlands in 1610 using the classical method and polygons having 262 sides. We will write a custom essay on The beginning of mathematics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In 1621 Willebrord Snell, a Dutch physicist devised a trigonometric improvement of the classical method which allowed him to obtain considerably closer bounds. He calculated ( to thirty-five places like van Ceulen but with polygons with only 230 sides. Abraham Sharp in 1699 found seventy-one correct decimal places by using x=(1/3. In 1767 Johann Heinrich Lambert showed that ( was irrational. William Rutherford calculated ( to 208 decimal places in 1841 but was later found that only 152 were correct. Zacharias Dase in 1844 found ( correct to 200 places. Dase was perhaps one of the most extraordinary mental calculators who ever lived. William Rutherford returned to the problem and found ( to 400 decimal places in 1853. ( was calculated to 707 places by William Shanks of England in 1873. this remained the most fabulous piece of calculation ever performed. D. F. Ferguson and J. W. Wrench jointly published a corrected value of ( to 808 laces in 1948. In 1949 an army ballistic research laboratory computer in Aberdeen Maryland, known as ENIAC, calculated ( to 2037 decimal places. After 1949 computers were able to compute the value of ( to more and more places. In 1986 in a NASA research center in California a supercomputer calculated ( to 29,3600,000 decimal places. A little later Yasumasa Kanada of Tokyo used a NEC SX-2 supercomputer to compute ( to 134,217,700 digits passed the decimal. There are many reasons why mathematicians have been alculating ( to a great number of places. Not only is it just a challenge but to see if digits in ( repeat, to find out if ( is simply normal or normal, and it is valuable in computer science to design better programs. I found this assignment not fun. Writing has been something I have always hated and math has not been one of my favorite subjects. So I disliked this assignment very much. As for the librarys math collection, I really can not comment on it because I simply chose the first math book I saw so I really dont have any suggestions.

Heart of darkness 8

Heart of darkness 8 Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad is a landmark of modern fiction. It is onsidered to be one of the greatest works of literature of its time. In Heart of Darkness, a boat is anchored in the Thames River outside London. A sailor by the name of Marlow begins to reminisce of a certain incident in his past, when he commanded a steamboat on the Congo River. This reflection forms the plot of the novel. In his yarn, Marlow aspires to explore the uncharted African jungles. His aunt arranges for him to be captain of a Congo steamer. When Marlow reaches the Company's Outer Station in Africa, he is confronted with white greed and black slavery. He discovers disease ridden African workers awaiting their death. He also meets the Company's chief accountant. The accountant tells of Mr. Kurtz who is and agent who has sent more ivory back from the jungle than the other agents combined.Le vapeur â€Å"Roi des Belges† dans le Haut-Congo ...Marlow becomes obsessed with Kurtz throughout the remainder of the story. Marlow arrives at the Company's Central Station, following a difficult 200-mile tramp. Upon arrival, he learns that the steamer he was supposed to command has been wrecked. He meets the local manager, who has no moral sensibility, only business sensibility. He mentions that Mr. Kurtz may be ill at his station upriver and that it is fundamental to reach him as soon as possible. Marlow learns a great deal about Kurtz in the time spent waiting for his steamer to be repaired. At one point he talks to a brick maker, who feels that Kurtz is admirable, yet he is resentful towards him because of his many talents which make him a likely candidate for promotion. On another occasion, Marlow overhears a conversation between the manager and his uncle, an explorer. The...

Abuse vs Discipline Essay Example

Abuse vs Discipline Essay Example Abuse vs Discipline Paper Abuse vs Discipline Paper Blake Moss Abuse Versus Discipline A mother spanks her child in a public parking lot. While a nearby citizen watches in horror and begins to dial 911. Is this wrong? Does the mother have authority to do this to her own child? Who gets to decide how the mother disciplines her child? Why here? These are the questions that come across the mind of todays society. Most people would agree that the child did something â€Å"wrong,† but opinion collide on how the mother should discipline the child. Parents from generations ago would not have thought twice about this incident. In todays era, as technology has progressed so has the ideas of child abuse and discipline. What is the difference between child abuse vs. child discipline? Then Versus Now Disciplining children in the 1950s has been seen as strict, harsh and oppressive . In fact, children were often meant to be seen but not heard. Back then , if a child forgot to say â€Å"sir† or â€Å"maam† behind their statement to a teacher or another adult, he or she had the possibility of taking a blow from a switch to the rear. This is a lot different from generations growing up today. Children are almost never taught proper manners when addressing higher authority figures. Some parents turn their heads at any sign of physical discipline. Statistics Statistics show a report of child abuse is made every ten seconds. Another shows that more than five children die from child abuse every day. That means everyday about 9,000 reports of child abuse are made. Children are less likely to die from child abuse if they are active in the community or attend a public school system. 80% of children who die from child abuse are under the age of four . The other 20% are in elementary schools. This dramatic difference is due to authorities and professionals helping to protect children. Why dont the children tell? Statistics say that over 90% of children who are sexually abused, know who their abuser is. Children are terrified of their abuser so, they protect abuser in hope that they wont hurt them or their family. 30% of the children who are abused will go on to abuse others later on in life. The abused have a 80% chance to developing some kind of psychological disorder. They have a higher risk of being sent to prison as will. Statistics show that 14% of all men in prison were abused as a child and that 36% of women in prison were abused. Abuse and Neglect by Law Child abuse by law in the Child Welfares Information Gateway in Missouri as â€Å"Any physical injury inflicted on a child by other than accidental means by those responsible for the child’s care, custody, and control. † This means that any physical punishment such as a bar of soap in the mouth, is seen as abuse. The person who put the soap in the childs mouth is abusing them. Neglect is defined in this article as well it is â€Å"Failure to provide, by those responsible for the care, custody, and control of the child, proper or necessary support; education as required by law; nutrition; or medical, surgical, or any other care necessary for the child’s well-being. † When the state says this, it does not define â€Å"proper support. † This leaves room for interpretation. In some parents mind if you do not celebrate a child’s ‘B+’ grade then you are neglecting him or her. Is it correct for the state to tell parents how to discipline their children in certain ways? Abuse and Neglect by Definition The dictionary says child abuse is â€Å"mistreatment of a child by a parent or guardian, including neglect, beating, and sexual molestation. † By this definition the amount of the action is not defined. Also, beating and neglect are not defined; this leaves room for interpretation again. Some may interpret it as laying a hand on a child at all, where other may take it as leaving a bruise. Neglect can be defined as â€Å"failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child† in the dictionary. This â€Å"adequate† definition still has room for interpretation. This may mean enough to stay alive such as one meal a week, or it may mean three large meals a day. Who gets to make these interpretations? Is it the caretaker or parents or the child or is it the state? Discipline by Definition Discipline is â€Å"the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience. † A question that comes to mine is; who gets define the amount of â€Å"punishment? † And who gets to decide the rules and code of behavior? Is it the parents or guardians, or is it the governmental agencies? If a child is doing something wrong and the parent chooses to â€Å"swat† the child then they are violating the law because they are inflicting â€Å"physical injury inflicted on the child. † Is this wrong or is it right? Christians Opinion Proverbs 23:13-15 says â€Å"Do not withhold discipline from a child; if you strike him with a rod, he will not die. If you strike him with the rod, you will save his soul from Sheol. My son, if your heart is wise, my heart too will be glad. † This is not saying to beat until the child can not stand it is saying that if a parent uses physical discipline they will not die. Discipline your son, for there is hope; do not set your heart on putting him to death. † This quote comes from Proverbs 19:18. So what is Christians view on discipline? It is okay to use physical and mental discipline. God elaborates throughout his holy book that He not only believes in physical discipline, but recommends it. He states this multiple tim es in the bible and shows many examples of it. He is not encouraging child abuse by any means. However, by the ideas of society now; God would find abuse alright. No Discipline What would a child grow up to be if he or she were never disciplined? Spoiled. If a child was never told â€Å"No† they would come to the conclusion that they were always correct. Even if that was not the case, a child would never quite know the meaning behind right and wrong. They would never learn to respect others and even worse themselves. Hard work would no longer play a major role in the development of life without discipline. In the movie â€Å"A Christmas Story† Ralph says a curse word in front of his father, and he is punished by a bar of soap in his mouth. Now in your opinion is this wrong? After Ralph is sent to bed his mother puts the bar of soap in her mouth for the same exact reason. She was brought up to believe that it is wrong to curse and she knows that it is only fair for her to also be punished. If the mother had never been punished by the soap she would of never learned to punish her children in the same manor. This is only one example why discipline is necessary. Children might not think that it is fair to get a spanking, but they learn their lesson. A child without any disciple will never know right from wrong or bad verses good. But, where is the fine line drawn between discipline and abuse? Side Effects Physical abuse and neglect have immediate and long-term effects on a child’s development. The long-term effects can be seen in higher rates of psychiatric disorders, increased rates of drug and alcohol abuse, and a variety of relationship difficulties. The most common perpetrators of child abuse and neglect are found in people who have been abused and neglected themselves. There is proof to show the connection between child abuse and the neglect and psychological, emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal disorders later in his or her life. Studies have shown that a child uses the parent’s state of mind to regulate the child’s own mental processes. A child needs a sensitive and responsible parent in order to form their own mind set into knowing right from wrong. Children who have been sexually abused are at significant risk of developing anxiety disorders, major depressive disorders alcohol abuse drug abuse and antisocial behavior. Children who were sexually abused, also have a higher risk of becoming a predator themselves later in life. In the novel â€Å"A Child Called It† by David Pelzer, you see the major physical abuse and neglect that he endured for many treacherous years. This book shows you how an abused mother continues the cycle of abuse on her own child. If you continue reading the novel series you come to a book called â€Å"A Man Named Dave,† throughout this book you see the exact troubles that a grown man struggles with in order to overcome the effects of child abuse. This series shows the horrendous cycle of abuse, not only affecting the child but, people they encounter for the rest of their life. The Effort to Stop AbuseKids Matter Inc. is a group of parents in Milwaukee trying to make child abuse and neglect extinct. The members come from all different types of professions such as, doctors and teachers. They are a small organization that puts volunteer energy into their neediest kids. This organization was formed in 2000 and has been growing rapidly ever since. Every Child Matters is another organization devoted to stopping child abuse by policies. This effort is a paper filled effort. They try to promote new policies to give children the necessary equipment to have a better tomorrow. They ensure that children have access to affordable, comprehensive health care services. They promote and expand the early-care and learning opportunities and after-school programs. Also they prevent violence against children in their homes and relive child poverty. Child Welfare is the most well know child abuse organization devoted to protecting children. This organization is sponsored through the government. It allows the group to actually step in and take the child from their home of abuse, into a home with love and affection. This agency helps protect children from their abusers. The Child Welfare’s website provides all kinds of information which regards to protecting children. They have state by state abuse definitions. This website has been helpful in trying to define â€Å"child abuse by law. † Also it shows the guide lines to mandatory reporting of child abuse. Mandatory Reports In the state of Missouri, professionals are the only people required to report abuse. This is the law in Missouri and in 33 other states. In Missouri, the professionals that they are meaning are medical, educational, religious, governmental, and photographers. Also, any other persons responsible for the care of children must report. Do these professionals know the difference? Sometimes they might be able to tell the main difference such as a red mark versus a deep bruise. It would be difficult for some professionals to tell because children are clumsy. The exceptions to these policies are two main people. They are the religious and governmental. For the religious, there is a â€Å"Clergy-penitent privilege. † This is to protect the people who talk to their priest. This protects them so the person who does the confessional does not have to suffer any more. The governmental exception is the â€Å"Attorney-client privilege. † This exception is only acceptable in 22 states. This privilege is specifically confirmed. Conclusion In conclusion children do need an understanding of discipline.. discipline allows the child to grow and learn there are boundaries in life. When discipline becomes beating a child nothing is learned. Abuse only teaches the child it is ok to abuse others. Parents determine the amount of discipline the exception to this is when the parent takes it to far and teaches or government agencies may step in. abuse can be stopped if the community will do its part and help raise children in a good structured environment

Safety Tents and Other Non Permanant Buildings Essay

Safety Tents and Other Non Permanant Buildings - Essay Example These shelters take numerous forms, including a traditional tentlike structure. One of the main advantages of these protective structures is that they are incredibly strong in relation to the weight of their components. Therefore, they can be rapidly deployed by two to four people. Kevlar’s superiority stems from its minimal â€Å"vibration transfer† (Kayak Terapad). It can be molded and shaped, yet maintains its structural integrity. Therefore, it enhances the user’s safety in numerous stress and impact scenarios. One of the military uses for such shelters is the Chemical Biological Protected Shelter System (CBPSS) (Business Wire 1997). They are intended for battlefield use against biological or chemical weapons assault. A company called Chemfab has developed the Kevlar-based fabric. The shelter also reduces lingering air contamination following a chemical or ballistic explosion. Homeland Security is using such a device in dirty bomb control. This variation is called a Universal Containment System, and it was developed by Vanguard Response Sytems in Canada (Popular Mechanics 2004). The ballistic resistant tent contains a foam that suppresses the detonation blast. At present, the system can only suppress a bomb the size of a book bag. The technology will be developed to contain a truck bomb, like the one deployed at the World Trade Center in 1993. A similar application is called the Chemical Biological Explosives Containment System (CBECS). It consists of a seven foot inflatable tent that contains a water-based foam, which not only contains the explosion, but it also puts out any chemically-based fires that may ignite (Patent Storm 2007). The whole structure can cover an explosive device, which is then deployed relatively safely (DOD Tech Match). These tents are now being made for the general public by Zumro, Inc. The Chemical/Biological Counterterrorism